PCR Thermocycler
Technology of PCR Thermocycler Development
Hardware or machines which are made specifically for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) were eventually developed. Thermocyclers, machines which automatically regulate the optimal temperatures for PCR cycling were first introduced in 1986.
New instruments for automated thermal cycling and for analyzing PCR products have recently been developed. New thermal cyclers have increased rates of heating, cooling, and heat transfer to modified reaction vessels. The first generation thermal cyclers which were even water baths and heating blocks initially.
Eventually PCR amplification was developed to be performed in thin capillary tubes, which allowed rapid thermal cycling, and DNA synthesis to 20 seconds. The speed of the temperature changes during PCR cycling in these new thermocyclers allowed the precise definition of temperature optimal for each individual step in the PCR cycle. The newer generation pcr thermal cyclers also accommodate more sample volume, have a more precise thermal profile, and are programmable.
See PCR Development and History - at Molecular Station